Freddie Mac (NYSE: FRE) and Fannie Mae (NYSE: FNM) shares are finding themselves under increased pressure as concerns about liquidity continue to mount. Many regulators are now calling for government intervention in order to save the government-subsidized entities and preserve the struggling housing market from a larger collapse. Unfortunately for shareholders, federal bailouts are only aimed at saving the company and not necessarily its shareholders.

A government takeover of both organizations is among several options being weighed by the Bush Administration. Officials may push for the firms, which own or guarantee almost half of the $12 trillion in home loans in the United States. Such a government takeover is likely to make the common stock of each company worthless, since paying off shareholders with taxpayer dollars may present a problem to perhaps everyone in the USA (minus those shareholders).

Fannie Mae has lost about 80 percent of its value during the past year while Freddie Mac has tumbled more than 85 percent during the same time. The reason is simply because many of these loans are going bad and requiring the companies to come up with capital that they are unable to raise. The government is expected to wait until these losses hit some $77 billion before it would be compelled to start a rescue.

Others insist that a government bailout would be unlikely because the two institutions have some $1.5 trillion in un-pledged assets and access to the debt market. Some insist that Fannie Mae would have to lose $40 billion immediately and Freddie Mac would have to lose $37 billion immediately in order to be considered insolvent. Housing prices would have to decline 40% nationally and delinquencies would have to rise as much as 10 fold to 12 percent to reach critical levels, according to these analysts.

In the end, there is still a lot of uncertainty as to whether or not the two housing market giants are in trouble. If they are, however, it is clear that shareholders will likely lose out in the event of a bailout. The only people that can hope to get their money back would be bond holders.

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