The mortgage meltdown may have taken a lot of casualties, but Goldman Sachs (NYSE:GS) wasn't among them thanks to a timely bet made by the firm's structured-products trading group. The move made Goldman the only major investment bank to side-step losses during the crisis, as competitors Lehman, Bear Stearns and Merrill Lynch continue to suffer.

The trader group's large bet that securities backed by risky home loans would fall in value generated nearly $4 billion in profits this year, according to the Wall Street Journal. Those gains erased the $1.5 to $2 billion of mortgage-related losses elsewhere in the firm and put the firm on track to record record net annual income of more than $11 billion.

There has been some concern, however, over the firm's trading practices. Goldman's proprietary traders are allowed to "find opportunities" for the firm's capital while making a market for client trading - even if the client's are trading the other end. Interestingly, the firm continued to push its CDO sales through even while its own traders were shorting the issues, planning to profit on their demise. Goldman says the two branches are separate divisions and unrelated.

Unfortunately, the credit markets may cause a whole new set of problems for the firm. Many analysts have been downgrading investment banks, including Goldman, even more amid concerns that tight credit markets will limit M&A activity income and put a damper on the credit securities market. How much this affects Goldman remains to be seen, but given the firm's success during the mortgage meltdown, who's to say?

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