
A year ago coal was a dull market after a warm winter in 2005-2006
generated record inventories and sent coal prices plummeting. As a
result, most coal stocks saw declines of 50 percent or more from late
2006 to early 2007 and few buyers could be found. However, the
situation has now greatly changed as the ongoing tightening of supply
and demand in the US coal market has caused coal prices (and stock
prices) to skyrocket. So, what are the forces behind this move and
where are the opportunities in this sector these days?
Spot prices for coal, which is the price of a ton of coal for
immediate delivery, are trading at new highs while US coal supplies
have tightened due to a series of new environmental laws and safety
regulations. These new regulations were primarily targeted at the east
coast and forced many smaller mining operations to shut down as they
simply could not afford the cost of compliance. Meanwhile, larger
players were forced to scale back their operations due to the increased
cost of doing business. At the same time, coal demand surged as a
result of demand abroad.
China is the source of most of this demand after it became a net
importer of coal in 2007. The country is already the largest producer
and consumer of coal, but is now seeing its consumption grow even more
rapidly. In fact, the Chinese government even banned exports of coal in
China to help keep costs down and ensure there was enough to go around.
All of this demand from China is eating up the supply that was
traditionally earmarked for Europe, which is forced to import the
majority of its coal. Now, Europe is turning to the US in order to fill
this need.
There have also been several recent events that have helped boost
prices. First, heavy rains in South Africa have impacted their coal
exports while the fourth-largest coal exporter in the world also stated
that it would need to keep more of its own mined coal for domestic
consumption. Secondly, Austrialia has also been suffering from heavy
rains that has disrupted coal production for the largest exporter. And
finally, Indonesia is expected to become the world’s largest coal
producer, but no longer believes it will be able to supply as much as
previously expected.
So, what stocks are worth watching to take advantage of these
circumstances? One of the most successful coal stocks this year has
been Patriot Coal (NYSE: PCX), which spun off from its parent Peabody
(NYSE: BTU) in October. Since then, the stock is up a healthy 56.59% as
a result of strength in the coal market and a compelling future
development in the Appalachians where it has 446 million tons in
reserves alone that represent some of the lowest sulfer (highest
quality) coal in the market. Combined, its 9 million ton reserve base
dwarfs that of competitors and are in strategic locations that enable
them to easily export abroad and ship domestically.
Investors looking for a more diversified play on the entire sector
may want to check out the Market Vectors-Coal ETF (NYSE: KOL) that
offers a sort of “mutual fund” focused on just coal companies. The
ETF’s top 14 holdings - or 70% of its portfolio -are all up and
midstream producers that are marginal producers and should give good
exposure to the sector. The only problem with the ETF is its stake in Huaneng Power (NYSE: HNP), which is a power-generating consumer of coal and not a producer.
Other coal stocks to watch include Consol Energy (NYSE: CNX), Peabody Energy (NYSE: BTU), Arch Coal (NYSE: ACI), Joy Global (NDAQ: JOYG), Bucyrus International (NDAQ: BUCY), Transalta (AMEX: TA), and James River Coal Company
(NDAQ: JRCC). All of these companies should benefit from the rise in
coal prices, but the extent of which depends on how many long-term
contracts they can ink while prices are high. For now, many of them are
struggling as they export cheap coal under old contracts. Regardless,
these are all stocks that are definitely worth watching!
Related Companies
Peabody Energy Corporation (BTU)
Alliance Resource Partners (ARLP)
International Coal Group, Inc. (ICO)
Massey Energy Company (MEE)
Arch Coal, Inc. (ACI)
James River Coal Company (JRCC)
Foundation Coal Holdings, Inc. (FCL)
Penn Virginia Resources (PVR)
Evergreen Energy Inc. (EEE)
National Coal Corp. (NCOC)